The trend is accentuated with September 11

The American Enterprise Institute is one of the major centres of reflection ("think tanks") conservatives in Washington, generally considered close to the Bush administration. Karlyn Bowman studied the great movements of American opinion.

Are the Americans recovered from the shock of September 11, 2001

Opinion research show that matters are overall revenues to normal soon after the attacks. Americans are a strong people. It continues, however, found in the surveys on economic issues a certain weight linked to attacks on the World Trade Center. An additional element of pessimism, that the actual performance of the economy do not justify is noticeable, for example, in studies of consumer confidence or in the polls where he is asked whether the economy is going in the right direction. It is a feeling of living in a more dangerous world.

Has fear won the American company

It would be more accurate to speak of worry and fear. After the fall of the Soviet empire, the Americans had thought he could blow. The respite was short-lived. That said, the entrepreneurial spirit is not affected. The United States are still perceived by its inhabitants as a country of opportunities. Youth, especially when she is a graduate, is particularly optimistic about its prospects for the future.

What category of the population is the most affected

Pessimism has become somewhat more prevalent among women. It is a movement that started in the 1970s, when they left the home to the world of work. Then, they felt more pressure to succeed at the same time their family life. The trend is accentuated with September 11. This is not for nothing that the politicians, in this election period, continue to pay such attention to what is here called the "securities moms": a familiar term designating the mothers disturbed on security issues.

Would you say that the Americans have taken refuge in religion or have become more conservative

Non. There was a small movement in this direction, but it quickly disappeared. The United States remains a country deeply religious, but not more than before. American society is perhaps, however, more polarized. But this development began long before September 11, under Reagan. It just accentuated in recent years. More from the war in Iraq as of 11 September, indeed.

Immigration seems to play an important role in the campaign for the November mid-term elections. Now are the Americans too porous boundaries

I do not think that immigration will play an important role in more than one or two States in this campaign. September 11 has not changed the situation. The American citizen is ambivalent on the subject: he wants borders under control and at the same time, is aware of the importance of integrating immigrants. This conflict is that it begs the question, a classic psychological reflex, and determines other criteria.

The Americans do consider that their civil liberties were sacrificed on the altar of their safety

They have become more suspicious to the authorities, they do not like to feel that one reads their email... On the issue, the "Libertarians", supporters of State at least, are paradoxically found allies on the political left. That said, the percentage of people concerned for their freedoms has climbed to 30, but does not constitute a majority.